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Thimerosal Content in Some US Licensed Vaccines
Szczepionki, które nie
zawierają związku o nazwie THIMEROSAL (etylortęć) są w tabeli zakreślone na
żółto.
Można spróbować je zamówić
przez aptekę.
|
Vaccine
|
Brand Name
|
Manufacturer
|
Thimerosal Concentration1
|
Mercury ug/0.5 ml
|
pg in 2000 PDR
|
pg in 1999 PDR
|
|
Anthrax
|
Anthrax vaccine
|
BioPort Corporation
|
0
|
0
|
|
|
|
DTaP
|
Acel-Imune
Tripedia
Certiva
Infanrix
|
Lederle Laboratories
Pasteur Merieux Connaught
North American Vaccine
SmithKline Beecham
|
.01%
.01%
.01%
0
|
25
25
25
0
|
1524
2307
1986
3010
|
1510
2340
1972
3061
|
|
DTwP
|
All Products
|
|
.01%
|
25
|
|
|
|
DT
|
All Products
|
|
.01%
|
25
|
|
|
|
Td
|
All Products
|
|
.01%
|
25
|
|
|
|
TT
|
All Products
|
|
.01%
|
25
|
|
|
|
DTwP-Hib
|
Tetramune
|
Lederle Laboratories
|
.01%
|
25
|
1550
|
1544
|
|
Hib
|
ActHIB
ProHIBiT(4)
TriHIBit
HibTITER
multi-dose
single dose
PedvaxHIB liquid(2)
COMVAX(3)
Omni HIB
|
Pasteur Merieux
Connaught
Pasteur Merieux
Connaught
Pasteur Merieux
Connaught
Lederle
Laboratories
Lederle Laboratories
Merck
Merck
SmithKline Beecham
|
0
.01%
.01%
.01%
0
0
0
0
|
0
25
25
25
0
0
0
0
|
2283
-
-
1531
1531
1850
1760
3022
|
2316
2345
2340
1520
1520
1853
1750
3072
|
|
Hepatitis A
|
Havrix
Vaqta adult/pediatric
|
SmithKline Beecham
Merck
|
0
0
|
0
0
|
3004
1899
|
3056
1906
|
|
Hepatitis B
|
Engerix-B
Engerix-B
preservative free
Recombivax HB
Recombivax HB preservative free
|
SmithKline Beecham
SmithKline Beecham
Merck
Merck
|
.005%
--
.005%
0
|
12.5
.05*
12.5
0
|
2997
--
1880
1880
|
3048
--
--
1883
|
|
Influenza
|
All products
|
|
.01%
|
25
|
|
|
|
IPV
|
IPOL
|
Pasteur Merieux Connaught
|
0
|
0
|
2300
|
2333
|
|
Lyme
|
LYMErix
|
SmithKline Beecham
|
0
|
0
|
3019
|
Web
|
|
Meningococcal
|
Menomune A, C, AC and A/C/Y/W-135
|
CLI
|
.01%
|
25
|
2305
|
2339
|
|
MMR
|
MMR-II
|
Merck
|
0
|
0
|
1819
|
1819
|
|
OPV
|
Orimune
|
Lederle Laboratories
|
0
|
0
|
|
1528
|
|
Pneumococcal
|
Prevnar
Pnu-Imune 23
Pneumovax 23
|
Wyeth-Lederle Vaccines
Lederle Laboratories
Merck
|
0
.01%
0
|
0
25
0
|
1541
1858
|
1533
1860
|
|
Rabies
|
Rabies Vaccine Adsorbed
RabAvert
IMOVAX
|
Bioport Corporation
Chiron
Pasteur Merieux Connaught
|
.01%
0
0
|
25
0
0
|
3033
941
2296
|
--
898
2329
|
|
Rotavirus
|
Rotashield
|
Wyeth-Ayerst
|
0
|
0
|
3314
|
|
|
Typhoid
|
Vivotef Ty21a
|
Berna
|
0
|
0
|
766
|
727
|
|
Typhoid Fever
|
Typhim Vi
Typhoid vaccine
|
Pasteur Merieux
Connaught
Wyeth-Ayerst
|
0
0
|
0
0
|
2313
3336
|
2348
3399
|
|
Varicella
|
Varivax
|
Merck
|
0
|
0
|
1901
|
1908
|
|
Yellow Fever
|
YF-Vax
|
Pasteur Merieux Connaught
|
0
|
0
|
|
2350
|
From the Vaccine Safety Institute (http://www.vaccinesafety.edu/thi-table.htm)
1. A concentration
of 1:10,000 is equivalent to a 0.01% concentration. Thimerosal is
approximately 50% Hg by weight.
A 1:10,000 concentration contains 25 micrograms of Hg per 0.5 mL.
2. A previously
marketed lyophilized preparation contained .05% thimerosal.
3. COMVAX is not
approved for use under 6
weeks of age because of decreased response to the Hib component.
4. ProHIBit is recommended by the Academy only for
children 12 months of age and older.
*. The new Engerix-B product contains
only trace amounts of thimerosal (<1 mcg)
Testimony of
Coleen Boyle, Ph.D.
Acting Associate Director for Science and Public Health
National Center on Birth Defects and Development Disabilities
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Before the Committee on Government
Reform
U. S. House of Representatives
April
26, 2001
http://www.cdc.gov/washington/legislative/04262001.htm
Thimerosal
Despite the fact that
thimerosal preservative has been effective in lowering the risk that
vaccines could be contaminated by bacteria leading to serious infection,
the United States Public Health Service agencies, including NIH, FDA, HRSA,
and CDC, working collaboratively with the American Academy of Pediatrics
and the American Academy of Family Physicians, took action in mid-1999 to
begin removing thimerosal preservative from the vaccine supply. While the
risk of harm from this source was only theoretical, the decision was made
as a precautionary measure. The elimination of thimerosal preservative from
vaccines was judged a feasible means of reducing an infant’s total
exposure to mercury in a world where other environmental sources of
exposure may be more difficult or impossible to eliminate.
As a result of this
action, all manufacturers of routinely recommended licensed pediatric
vaccines are now producing for the U.S. market only vaccines that are
thimerosal-free or contain trace amounts of thimerosal. The vaccines are
supplied in single-dose vials which eliminates the need for a preservative.
Testimony of
Roger H. Bernier, Ph.D., M.P.H.
Associate Director for Science
National Immunization Program
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Before the Committee on Government Reform
U.S. House of Representatives
July
18, 2000
http://www.cdc.gov/washington/legislative/07182000.htm
The United States has been a world leader in the
development and licensing of new vaccines and has placed a high priority on
producing vaccines which meet the highest standards for safety and
efficacy. These standards pertain not only to the active ingredients, which
elicit protective immune responses, but also to the preservatives such as
thimerosal. Thimerosal, an ethylmercury
containing preservative used since the 1930's, is added to some vaccines
because it is very effective in preventing bacterial contamination and
resulting infections in vaccine recipients.
In mid-1999
administration of a combination of vaccines that contained thimerosal as a
preservative was recognized as exceeding one federal guideline for mercury
exposure. It is important to note that the form of mercury used in
thimerosal is ethylmercury.
Although toxicity data are lacking for ethylmercury, it is currently assumed that methylmercury guidelines are
appropriate to use in this situation. Even though there was no evidence of
possible harm caused by ethylmercury
exposure from immunizations, the United States Public Health Service
agencies, including NIH, FDA, HRSA, and CDC took action, working
collaboratively with the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians. Last
summer a goal was set for the removal or significant reduction of
thimerosal as a preservative from all vaccines routinely administered to
children in the first year of life. While the risk of harm from this source
was only theoretical, the decision to set a goal to remove thimerosal was
made as a precautionary measure. Given the concern about the health effects
of mercury of any sort, the elimination of mercury from vaccines was judged
a feasible means of reducing an infant's total exposure to mercury in a
world where other environmental sources of exposure may be more difficult
or impossible to eliminate.
During the year since
the goal was set, progress in removing or reducing thimerosal in vaccines
has been outstanding. The United States has now achieved a pediatric
hepatitis B vaccine supply from two manufacturers that is free of
thimerosal as a preservative, and, as of this month, a Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine supply from all
four manufacturers is available that is free of thimerosal as a
preservative. For DTaP
vaccines, there are four manufacturers, one of which has produced a vaccine
that is already free of thimerosal, and at least one other is expected to
produce a vaccine without thimerosal as a preservative within six to nine
months. Measles, mumps, rubella, varicella,
inactivated polio, and the recently licensed conjugate pneumococcal vaccines have never contained
thimerosal. Based on our progress over the past year, the maximum amount of
mercury an infant may be exposed to from routine immunizations has been reduced
by 60 percent.
Thus, by early 2001,
the United States is expected to have obtained an
adequate vaccine supply for the routine pediatric vaccines that is
completely free of thimerosal as a preservative.
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